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Chapter 2: Cardiovascular
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Management of atrial fibrillation
Drugs that prolong the QT interval
Anticoagulation prescribing guidance
Management of suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)
Secondary prevention of stroke / TIA in primary care
Management of angina
Chronic heart failure guidance
Management of hypertension
Management of blood lipids
2.1 Positive inotropic drugs
2.2 Diuretics
2.3 Anti-arrhythmic drugs
2.4 Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs
2.5 Hypertension and heart failure
2.6 Nitrates, calcium-channel blockers, and other antianginal drugs
2.7 Sympathomimetics
2.8 Anticoagulants and protamine
2.9 Antiplatelet drugs
2.10 Stable angina, acute coronary syndromes, and fibrinolysis
2.11 Antifibrinolytic drugs and haemostatics
2.12 Lipid regulating drugs
2.13 Local sclerosants
2.14 Miscellaneous cardiovascular preparations
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2.5.2 Centrally acting antihypertensive drugs
First Line
Second Line
Specialist
Hospital Only
Methyldopa
- Tablets 125mg, 250mg, 500mg (£24.59 = 250mg three times a day)
Indications
Dose
- Initially 250mg 2–3 times daily, increased gradually at intervals of at least 2 days, maximum 3g daily
Notes
- Women should stop methyldopa within two days of delivery after the birth and change to a different drug if required
Moxonidine
- Tablets 200micrograms, 300micrograms, 400micrograms (£3.99 = 400micrograms daily)
Indications
- Mild to moderate essential hypertension when thiazides, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are not appropriate or have failed to control blood pressure. Its use outside these indications is not recommended
Dose
- 200micrograms once daily in the morning, increased if necessary after 3 weeks to 400micrograms daily in 1–2 divided doses; maximum 600micrograms daily in 2 divided doses (maximum single dose 400micrograms)
Clonidine
- Tablets 100micrograms
- Solution for injection ampoules 150micrograms/1ml (unlicensed preparation)
